# 第三册 Lesson 23 One man's meat is another man's poison 各有所爱

## 一、课文原文

People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy. You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat — the normally accepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.

No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world. There are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, lives in a country where snails are despised. As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own. For years he has been asking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him. The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after a heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen, put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. I left the bag in the hall and Robert and I went into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours. I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room. To our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere: they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall! I have never been able to look at a snail since then.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| poison | /'pɔizən/ | n. | 毒药 | poisonous adj. 有毒的 |
| illogical | /i'lɔdʒikəl/ | adj. | 不合逻辑的 | il-否定前缀 + logical |
| delicacy | /'delikəsi/ | n. | 美味，佳肴 | delicate adj. 精致的 |
| repulsive | /ri'pʌlsiv/ | adj. | 令人反感的 | repel v. 排斥/使反感 |
| Mediterranean | /'meditə'reiniən/ | n. | 地中海 | =the Mediterranean Sea |
| luxury | /'lʌkʃəri/ | n. | 奢侈品，珍品 | luxurious adj. 奢侈的 |
| associate | /ə'səuʃieit/ | v. | 联想到 | associate A with B 把A和B联系起来 |
| despise | /di'spaiz/ | v. | 鄙视 | =look down upon |
| appeal | /ə'pi:l/ | v. | 引起兴致 | appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 |
| impulse | /'impʌls/ | n. | 冲动 | on impulse冲动地 |
| stroll | /strəul/ | n. | 溜达，散步 | take a stroll散步 |
| fancy | /'fænsi/ | v. | 喜爱，喜欢 | fancy doing sth. 想做某事 |
| abuse | /ə'bju:z/ | n. | 辱骂，责骂 | abuse也可作"滥用" |
| shower | /'ʃauə/ | n. | 阵雨 | a heavy shower大雨 |
| dozen | /'dʌzən/ | n. | 12个，一打 | dozens of几十个 |
| fry | /frai/ | v. | 油炸 | fried adj. 油炸的 |
| snail | /sneil/ | n. | 蜗牛 | at a snail's pace极慢地 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）
- **If you lived in the Mediterranean, you would consider octopus a great delicacy.**
- 条件从句：if + 过去式（lived）
- 主句：would + 动词原形（would consider）
- 表达与现在事实相反的假设

### 2. turn的特殊用法——"恶心，作呕"
- **your stomach would turn at the idea of...**
- at the idea of... = 想到……就……
- turn此处为系动词，表感官反应

### 3. bring up与stick to

| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| bring up | 抚养，养育 | have been brought up to eat... |
| stick to | 坚持 | stick to them all our lives |

### 4. 过去分词作状语
- **Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury...**
- 过去分词短语作条件/方式状语
- =When/If they are cooked in wine

### 5. happen + 不定式
- **I happened to be walking in my garden**
- 意为"碰巧做某事"
- happen to do = chance to do

### 6. take/have possession of——"占有"
- **had taken complete possession of the hall**
- =had completely occupied the hall

### 7. No...more than...——"没有比……更……"
- **No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail.**
- 用比较级表最高级

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. One man's meat is another man's poison
- 谚语："对一方有利的未必对另一方也有利"=各有所爱
- 类似汉语：萝卜青菜各有所爱

### 2. Acting on a sudden impulse
- 意为"凭一时的冲动"
- act on = 按照……行动
- on impulse = 冲动地

### 3. To our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere
- **to one's dismay** 令某人惊愕/沮丧的是
- 类似：to one's surprise/relief/delight

### 4. I have never been able to look at a snail since then.
- 强调后果的严重性——从此再也不想看蜗牛了
- since then = 从那以后

## 五、课文翻译

在决定什么能吃而什么不能吃的时候，人们往往变得不合情理。比如，如果你住在地中海地区，你会把章鱼视作美味佳肴，同时不能理解为什么有人一见章鱼就恶心。另一方面，你一想到动物油炸土豆就会反胃，但这在北方许多国家却是一种普通的烹饪方法。不无遗憾的是，我们中的大部分人，生来就只吃某几种食品，而且一辈子都这样。

没有一种生物所受到的赞美和厌恶会超过花园里常见的蜗牛了。蜗牛加酒烧煮后，便成了世界上许多地方的一道珍奇的名菜。有不计其数的人们从小就知道蜗牛可做菜。但我的朋友罗伯特却住在一个厌恶蜗牛的国家中。他住在大城市里的一所公寓里，没有自己的花园。多年来，他一直让我把我园子里的蜗牛收集起来给他捎去。一开始，他的这一想法没有引起我多大兴趣。后来有一天，一场大雨后，我在花园里漫无目的地散步，突然注意到许许多多蜗牛在我的一些心爱的花木上慢悠悠地蠕动着。我一时冲动，逮了几十只，装进一只纸袋里，带着去找罗伯特。罗伯特见到我很高兴，对我的薄礼也感到满意。我把纸袋放在门厅里，与罗伯特一起进了起居室，在那里聊了好几个钟头。我把蜗牛的事已忘得一干二净，罗伯特突然提出一定要我留下来吃晚饭，这才提醒了我。蜗牛当然是道主菜。我并不喜欢这个主意，所以我勉强跟着罗伯特走出了起居室。使我们惊愕的是门厅里到处爬满了蜗牛：它们从纸袋里逃了出来，爬得满厅都是！从那以后，我再也不能看一眼蜗牛了。

## 六、语言点精讲

### 写作手法
- **谚语开篇**：标题本身就是谚语，点明"各有所爱"的主题
- **对比论证**：地中海人vs北方人、章鱼vs动物油炸土豆
- **幽默结尾**：蜗牛爬满门厅的场面既荒诞又滑稽
- **亲身经历**：从理论讨论转向个人故事，增强可读性

### 文化背景
- **地中海饮食**：章鱼、蜗牛等是地中海地区常见食材
- **法国蜗牛（escargot）**：法国名菜，用蒜蓉黄油烹制
- 英国文化中对蜗牛作为食物普遍持排斥态度

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 词汇：掌握illogical, delicacy, repulsive, despise, appeal, impulse, fancy等重点词
2. 语法：虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）；happen to do；过去分词作状语
3. 句型：No...more than比较级表最高级；take possession of；to one's dismay
4. 理解：为什么作者从此再也看不了蜗牛？——因为蜗牛爬满门厅的场景令人难忘

## 八、本课小结

- 核心词汇：illogical, delicacy, repulsive, despise, appeal, impulse, fancy, associate
- 核心语法：虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）、happen to do、过去分词作状语
- 核心句型：One man's meat is another man's poison; No...more than; take possession of
- 写作特色：谚语开篇、对比论证、幽默结尾、亲身经历